Footnotes / Blog
What Causes Foot and Ankle Swelling?
Swollen ankles and feet are common and often occur after standing or walking for extended periods. For most people, this type of swelling is not a cause for concern and will usually resolve with rest and elevation. However, persistent swelling or swelling accompanied by other symptoms may indicate a more serious health issue that requires attention.
Common Causes of Swollen Ankles and Feet
Here are some of the most common causes of foot and ankle swelling:
- Pregnancy: Swelling in the ankles and feet is normal during pregnancy due to increased fluid retention. However, sudden or excessive swelling may signal preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, which can develop after the 20th week of pregnancy. If you experience severe swelling with additional symptoms such as abdominal pain, headaches, infrequent urination, nausea, vomiting, or vision changes, call your doctor or go to the hospital immediately.
- Lymphedema: Lymphedema occurs when lymphatic fluid accumulates in the tissues, often due to problems with the lymphatic vessels or after the removal of lymph nodes. This condition can lead to swelling in the feet and ankles.
- Venous Insufficiency: Swelling of the feet and ankles can be an early symptom of venous insufficiency, a condition in which the veins struggle to efficiently move blood back to the heart. This can cause fluid to accumulate in the lower extremities, leading to swelling.
- Infection: Infections can cause swelling in the feet and ankles. People with diabetic neuropathy or other nerve problems are at higher risk for foot infections, which can contribute to swelling.
- Blood Clots: Blood clots in the veins of the legs can obstruct the return flow of blood to the heart, causing swelling in the ankles and feet. Blood clots can be superficial, occurring in veins just beneath the skin, or deep (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT), which can be more serious. Deep clots can block major veins and, if dislodged, can travel to the heart or lungs, posing life-threatening risks.
- Kidney, Heart, or Liver Disease: Diseases affecting the kidneys, heart, or liver can lead to fluid retention in the lower extremities, resulting in swollen ankles and feet.
- Medication Side Effects: Certain medications can cause swelling as a side effect. If you suspect that a medication may be contributing to swelling in your legs, consult your doctor to discuss alternatives or solutions.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you experience persistent swelling in your feet and ankles, or if the swelling is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional. A podiatrist can help evaluate the cause of the swelling and recommend appropriate treatment. Early intervention can help prevent complications and improve your overall health.
Consult a Podiatrist
If you’re experiencing swollen ankles or feet, Innovative Foot and Ankle in Northern New Jersey can help. Our experienced podiatrists will assess your symptoms and determine the best course of action. We have offices located in Bayonne, Kenilworth, Little Ferry, and Montclair.
