Footnotes / Blog
What is an Ankle Sprain?
Ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injury sustained by active individuals. They occur when the ligaments of the ankle are stretched or torn, often during physical activity or sports.
Types of Ankle Sprains
There are two primary types of ankle sprains:
- Inversion Sprains:
- Comprise 95% of ankle sprains.
- Occurs when the foot rolls inward, straining the ligaments on the outer part of the ankle.
- The anterior talofibular ligament (ATF) is the first ligament injured in this type of sprain.
- Moderate to severe cases may also involve the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and the posterior talofibular ligament (PTF).
- Eversion Sprains:
- Less common, involving the foot rolling outward and injuring the inner ankle ligaments.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Pain: Most commonly felt in front of the lateral malleolus (outside ankle bone) for inversion sprains.
- Swelling: Rapid and often substantial swelling around the affected area.
- Difficulty Walking: Limited range of motion and discomfort during weight-bearing activities.
A thorough physical examination and, if necessary, imaging studies (X-rays or MRI) are used to confirm the severity of the injury.
Treatment Options
The goal of treatment is to reduce swelling, restore range of motion, and regain full function. The cornerstone of treatment for ankle sprains is the “R.I.C.E.” protocol:
- Rest: Immobilization with an ankle brace, Aircast, or cast boot, depending on the severity of the injury.
- Ice: Apply an ice pack to the side of the ankle for 20 minutes on, then 20 minutes off. Continue for the first 24-48 hours to minimize swelling.
- Compression: Use a manual compression bandage, such as an Ace wrap, to reduce swelling and provide support.
- Elevation: Elevate the ankle with two pillows while resting to prevent further swelling in the lower extremity.
Prevention Tips
Preventing ankle sprains involves maintaining strong, flexible ligaments and avoiding high-risk activities:
- Strengthening Exercises: Focus on ankle stability and balance.
- Supportive Footwear: Wear properly fitting shoes during physical activities.
- Use Braces: Consider ankle braces if you have a history of sprains or engage in high-impact sports.
How Innovative Foot & Ankle Can Help
At Innovative Foot & Ankle, we specialize in diagnosing and treating ankle sprains, from mild to severe cases. Our comprehensive care ensures a faster recovery and a safe return to your activities.